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The Four Stages of Cruelty: The Reward of Cruelty
175118th century
15 in. x 12 1/2 in. (38.1 cm x 31.75 cm)
William Hogarth, English, (1697–1764)
Object Type:
Prints
Creation Place:
Europe, England
Medium and Support:
etching and engraving on paper
Credit Line:
Carleton College Art Collection, purchased with funds from the Shedd Memorial Fund
Accession Number:
1997.188
Hogarth's moral series, spotlighting the social epidemic of wanton cruelty, features Tom Nero, a youth in the care of St. Giles-in-the-Fields parish. The artist's "Autobiographical Notes" reveal that the images "were done in the hopes of preventing in some degree that cruel treatment of poor Animals which makes the streets of London more disagreeable to the human mind." The entire series follows a child, his character formed by the unchecked cruelty of his peers, through adulthood -- also marked by wanton cruelty. Without intervention, childish cruelty to animals leads inevitably to violence, robbery and murder against humankind.
Keywords
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This object has the following keywords:
18th Century,
English*,
engraving (printing process)*,
engravings (prints)*,
paper (fiber product)*,
prints (visual works)*
- 18th Century
- English - Refers to the culture of the modern country of England, or in general to cultures that have occupied the southern part of the island of Great Britain, usually excluding Wales. It may refer to the the culture of the Angles, one of the Teutonic peoples who settled in Britain in fifth century CE. The term is occasionally used to refer to the culture of the entire nation of the United Kingdom, although technically England is an administrative subdivision of the United Kingdom.
- engraving (printing process) - The intaglio process in which the design is incised into a printing plate, usually a flat copper plate, with the aid of a graver or burin that is held in the palm of the hand and pushed against the copper to cut lines comprising V-shaped grooves. The plate is then inked up, wiped so that ink is retained in the grooves and then forced out under the pressure of the printing process to create lines on the paper. The technique was first developed in the early 15th century in Germany, probably by goldsmiths who wished to keep records of the designs they had engraved on their wares. The process is distinct from "wood engraving (process)," which is a process for relief printing; "wood cut (process)" refers to engraving wood blocks for printing. Historically, "engraving" has sometimes been used incorrectly to refer to all printmaking processes, particulalry any process employing printing plates. For the single step of incising an inscription or design into any surface, not only a printing plate, see "engraving (incising)."
- engravings (prints) - Refers to prints on paper incorporating impressions of a reverse design created on a printing plate, usually copper, into which the design has been incised (engraved) using burins or gravers. Historically, "engravings" has sometimes been incorrectly used to refer to all prints, regardless of the specific technique. For prints made from designs engraved on a flat wooden block, use "wood cuts"; for prints made from a plate that is etched rather than engraved, use "etchings."
- paper (fiber product) - Refers generally to all types of matted or felted sheets or webs of fiber formed and dried on a fine screen from a pulpy water suspension. The fibers may be animal, such as hair, silk or wool, or mineral, such as asbestos, or synthetic. However most paper is made from cellulosic plant fiber, such as from wood pulp, grass, cotton, linen, and straw.
- prints (visual works) - Pictorial works produced by transferring images by means of a matrix such as a plate, block, or screen, using any of various printing processes. When emphasizing the individual printed image, use "impressions." Avoid the controversial expression "original prints," except in reference to discussions of the expression's use. If prints are neither "reproductive prints" nor "popular prints," use just "prints." With regard to photographs, see "photographic prints"; for types of reproductions of technical drawings and documents, see terms found under "reprographic copies."
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Exhibition List
This object was included in the following exhibitions:
- Sets, Series, Sounds , 4/3/2015 - 6/22/2015
Portfolio List
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